What Is Quantum Computer & How It Works

A quantum computer is a dire need of the present time. A person who doesn’t know how to use a computer will be considered illiterate even if he has a doctorate. Many years ago, this machine was huge and occupied room for existence. But, with time, it goes smart and smart, now your smartphone is a mini-computer and you can do almost every work with it.

It is a model image of quantum computer.

A simple old type of computers like Pentium I, II, III, IV and V were recognised. After that smart computers and then supercomputers come into the market with the latest functionalities. Now, there is another term introduced i.e quantum computer.

Many generations of computers recognised worldwide like 1st, 2nd, 3rd,….5th,6th and now we also have 7th and above generations as well. In the coming parts, you will find the detailed step-by-step in full length.

One can differentiate computers into two main categories: conventional and quantum. For the best understanding, there should be a sound knowledge of conventional computers. These are simple computers with transistors, microprocessors, vacuum tubes and integrated circuits (ICs) etc. but, quantum computers are different from conventional lets’ read ahead.

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What Is A Quantum Computer

It is an electronic machine that works on quantum mechanics; it deals with the mathematical calculations of the motion and interaction of subatomic particles. Is it a computer? The answer is yes. it is a quantum computer even if you can say a phenomenon where it is possible to do more jobs in more than one state at a time.

In simple words explained that quantum computers use qubits in place of bits, this feature makes this machine unbelievably faster in performing very very complex tasks.

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Bit V/s Qubit

The bit is considered the most basic unit of information in the computing process, it comes in a binary digit system. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values. The value is “1” or “0”, but other representations such as true/false, yes/no, on/off, or +/− are also commonly used.

Qubit is a unique property as compared to the bit as it can attain the superposition at the same time, meaning both the value i.e 1 and zero can be entangled.100 qubits of a quantum computer represent 2¹⁰⁰ solutions quickly and instantly. Big computer manufacturing companies have started their production with this emerging quantum mechanics technology.

Types Of A Quantum Computer

Mainly, there are three types of quantum computers are so far like Quantum Annealer; the generic solver for optimization problems, Analogue Quantum Simulations; which solves the toughest biochemistry problems such as simulating a protein folding, and the last type is universal quantum; .it can access more than 100,000 qubits i.e. equal to 1M qubits.

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Uses Of Quantum Computer

Various uses of a quantum computer have around the world and multiple sectors of human life are equipped with these computer functionalities. Here you will find a list of the uses of the quantum computer. Let’s go ahead.

Cybersecurity
Artificial intelligence
Traffic optimization
Better batteries
Cleaner fertilization
Drug development
Electronic materials discovery
Financial modelling
Solar capture
Weather forecasting and climate change

How Does A Quantum Computer Works?

It performs calculations based on the probability of an object’s state, which means that before measuring that object, a quantum computer did work on that. It works on the values instead of just 1s or 0s. These values mean that this computer has the potential to process exponentially more data compared to classical computers.

This computer works on qubits and can find the undefined features of the object such as electron spin and polarization of the photons. It has a fast algorithm for solving complex or complicated problems either mathematical, physical, biological or chemistries.

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Future Of Quantum Computer

The future is bright for this because it is a game changer in the following fields;

Cryptography
Chemistry
material science
Agriculture
Pharmaceuticals etc.

If we discuss only encryption methods then not possible with supercomputers. It is possible only quantum computers can solve problems within minutes. Molecule modelling was the very toughest task for computers that become very easy with a quantum computer.

Here is also mentionable that in future there will be more complex problems arising, for that we need a quantum computer because supercomputers are limited in solving linear problems. Here is a list of the main parts of a quantum computer to know its efficiency and need for the future;

Circuits
Cloud
Cognition
Cryptography
Quantum Neural Networks(QNN)
Optics

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Conclusion

In the end, it is mentioned worthy that without a quantum computer future will not be bright. For complex and complicated problems there is a need for quantum computers. The reason is that Conventional and supercomputers are limited to linear problems only.